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The Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs
Anonymous (2nd century BC, with later Christian additions) · tr. R. H. Charles · 1908 (APOT vol. II, 1913) · 27,810 words
The last words of the twelve sons of Jacob to their children: each confesses his sins, warns against a vice, praises a virtue, and looks ahead to the latter days.
Opening
The Testament of Reuben, the First-Born Son of Jacob and Leah
1 1 The copy of the Testament of Reuben, even the commands which he gave his sons before he 2 died in the hundred and twenty-fifth year of his life. Two years after the death of Joseph his 3 brother, when Reuben fell ill, his sons and his sons' sons were gathered together to visit him. And 4 he said to them: My children, behold I am dying, and go the way of my fathers. And seeing there Judah, and Gad, and Asher, his brethren, he said to them: Raise me up, that I may tell to my brethren and to my children what things I have hidden in my heart, for behold now at length 5 I am passing away. And he arose and kissed them, and said unto them: Hear, my brethren, and 6 do ye, my children, give ear to Reuben your father in the commands which I give unto you. And behold I call to witness against you this day the God of heaven, that ye walk not in the sins of 7 youth and fornication, wherein I was poured out, and defiled the bed of my father Jacob. And I tell you that he smote me with a sore plague in my loins for seven months; and had not my father 8 Jacob prayed for me to the Lord, the Lord would have destroyed me. For I was thirty years old 9 when I wrought the evil thing before the Lord, and for seven months I was sick unto death. And 10 after this I repented with set purpose of my soul for seven years before the Lord. And wine and strong drink I drank not, and flesh entered not into my mouth, and I eat no pleasant food; but I mourned over my sin, for it was great, such as had not been in Israel.
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Contents
- The Testament of Reuben, the First-Born Son of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Simeon, the Second of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Levi, the Third Son of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Judah, the Fourth Son of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Issachar, the Fifth Son of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Zebulun, the Sixth Son of Jacob and Leah
- The Testament of Dan, the Seventh Son of Jacob and Bilhah
- The Testament of Naphtali, the Eighth Son of Jacob and Bilhah
- The Testament of Gad the Ninth Son of Jacob and Zilpah
- The Testament of Asher, the Tenth Son of Jacob and Zilpah
- The Testament of Joseph, the Eleventh Son of Jacob and Rachel
- The Testament of Benjamin, the Twelfth Son of Jacob and Rachel